If S is a set of odd integers and 3 and -1 are in S, is -15 in S? (1) 5 is in S. (2) Whenever two numbers are in S, their product is in S. DS10602.01
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Thanks! I was overcomplicating this. I initially thought statement (2) alone might be enough but then realized we need an actual number to start with. The combination of 3, -1, and 5 does the trick.
Same here! I was trying to see if -15 could be formed from just 3 and -1 using the product rule, but that only gives 3, -1, -3, etc. Adding 5 makes the difference.
Exactly. The key is that statement (2) alone doesn't give any new numbers because we don't know what's in S beyond 3 and -1. We need statement (1) to bring in 5.
Why isn't statement (2) alone sufficient? If 3 and -1 are in S, then their product -3 is in S, and then 3 times -3 is -9, and -1 times -3 is 3, etc. But we never get -15. So (2) alone doesn't help. But with (1) giving 5, we can get -15 via 3 * 5 = 15 and then 15 * -1 = -15. That works because -1 is in S. So both together are sufficient. Answer is C.
Nice breakdown. I missed that we could use 5 and -1 to get -5, then 3 and -5 to get -15. But your way with 15 and -1 is simpler.
This one was a bit tricky because I had to think about closure under multiplication. At first I thought statement (2) alone might be enough if we could generate 5 from 3 and -1, but we can't. So we definitely need statement (1). Good question.
What it tests
Your ability to spot and extend arithmetic and geometric sequences and work with recursive definitions.
Common trap
Off-by-one errors in indexing (a₀ vs a₁) or confusing an arithmetic difference with a geometric ratio.